開頭方法一、比較新穎、有創(chuàng)意的開頭“As technologies and the demand for certain services change, many workers will lose their jobs. The responsibility for those people to adjust to such change should belong to the individual worker, not to government or to business.As a saying goes, “God helps those help themselves”, which is true in most cases. But as far as the large numbers of laid-off workers caused by the technological and market changes are concerned, I believe the government and the business certainly have an unshakable responsibility to take.開頭方法二、可以適當?shù)膹褪鲆幌骂}目,然后稍作讓步,再表達自己的觀點和立場“Work greatly influences people's personal lives—their special interests, their leisure activities, even their appearance way from the work place.”The speaker claims that our jobs greatly influence our personal interests, recreational activities and even appearance. While I agree that the personal lives of some people are largely determined by their work, in my view it would be a mistake to draw this conclusion generally. In my observation, the extent to which occupation influences personal life depends on the nature of the work, and how central the work is to one's sense of self.“We shape our buildings and afterwards our buildings shape us.”I believe this statement should be interpreted broadly—to mean that we are influenced by the exterior shape of buildings, as well as by the arrangement of multiple buildings and by a building's various architectural and aesthetic elements. While I doubt that buildings determine our character or basic personality traits, I agree that they can greatly influence our attitudes, moods, and even life styles.開頭方法三、以提問方式開頭,闡述自己的觀點,再表明自己的立場“As technologies and the demand for certain services change, many workers will lose their jobs. The responsibility for those people to adjust to such change should belong to the individual worker, not to government or to business.”As technology and changing social needs render more and more jobs obsolete, who is responsible for helping displaced workers adjustWhile individuals have primary responsibility for learning new skills and finding work, both industry and government have some obligation to provide them the means of doing so.開頭方法四、可以先表明自己的立場,再闡述原因Businesses are as likely as are governments to establish large bureaucracies, but bureaucracy is far more damaging to a business than it is to a government.Contrary to the statement's premise, my view is that businesses are less likely than government to establish large bureaucracies, because businesses know that they are more vulnerable than government to damage resulting from bureaucratic inefficiencies. My position is well supported by common sense and by observation.。
我們都知道,一篇較好的托福作文需要字數(shù)達到400-450左右,然而我們的規(guī)定時間只有短短的30分鐘,可想而知,托福寫作的字數(shù)壓力還是比較大的。
所以我們建議,開頭段不應該占據(jù)太多時間,我們應該多留一些時間給后面主體段的擴展,讓文章更加充實。通常開頭段的要求是字數(shù)在70-100詞左右,時間控制在3-5分鐘。
不排除有些學生拿到題目就能文思泉涌的敲出一篇開頭,但是對于大多數(shù)學生來說,緊張的時間再加上緊張的情緒,在開頭段就會卡殼。那么針對這大多數(shù)的情況,我們有沒有什么解決辦法呢? 那么接下來我們用一個題目來看看。
Do you agree or disagree: money is the most important aspect in a job? 首先拿到這個題目,我們可以看到要談論的是錢對于工作的重要性,那么在開頭段我們要如何引入話題呢?我們可以這樣寫: In contemporary society, it has become a hot issue that whether money is the most important aspect in a job。 People's opinions about it vary from person to person。
“在現(xiàn)代社會,錢到底是不是工作中最重要的部分,這個話題引起了大家的熱烈討論,大家的觀點各不相同”。很顯然,這是個引入主題的好方法。
接下來是正反方觀點,也就是一些人同意而另一些人不同意的部分了: A number of supporters of that viewpoint claim that money is very important on account of its necessity to satisfy our daily needs, but other people who are opposite to that view hold that other factors like interest and social liability are also significant aspects in a job。 可以看到,我們在托福寫作范文中介紹各方觀點的時候可以適當?shù)募由弦幌履憧梢韵氲降暮唵卫碛蓙韼臀覀兲畛溟_頭。
最后一部分是個人觀點,也就是表達自己看法的時候,大家對于這個應該是非常擅長了,無非就是就我個人來說,我的看法是什么: As for as I am concerned, I am convinced that money is not always the most important。 我們可以看到,背景爭議法的開頭寫法結構和思路都是非常清晰的。
萬能鳳頭 ●青春是用意志的血滴和拼搏的汗水釀成的瓊漿——歷久彌香;青春是用不凋的希望和不滅的向往編織的彩虹——絢麗輝煌;青春是用永恒的執(zhí)著和頑強的韌勁筑起的一道銅墻鐵壁——固若金湯。
●信念是巍巍大廈的棟梁,沒有它,就只是一堆散亂的磚瓦;信念是滔滔大江的河床,沒有它,就只有一片泛濫的波浪;信念是熊熊烈火的引星,沒有它,就只有一把冰冷的柴把;信念是遠洋巨輪的主機,沒有它,就只剩下癱瘓的巨架。 ●站在歷史的海岸漫溯那一道道歷史溝渠:楚大夫沉吟澤畔,九死不悔;魏武帝揚鞭東指,壯心不已;陶淵明悠然南山,飲酒采菊……他們選擇了永恒,縱然諂媚誣蔑視聽,也不隨其流揚其波,這是執(zhí)著的選擇;縱然馬革裹尸,魂歸狼煙,只是豪壯的選擇;縱然一身清苦,終日難飽,也愿怡然自樂,躬耕隴畝,這是高雅的選擇。
在一番選擇中,帝王將相成其蓋世偉業(yè),賢士遷客成其千古文章。 ●只有啟程,才會到達理想和目的地,只有拼搏,才會獲得輝煌的成功,只有播種,才會有收獲。
只有追求,才會品味堂堂正正的人。 ●如果說友誼是一顆常青樹,那么,澆灌它的必定是出自心田的清泉;如果說友誼是一朵開不敗的鮮花,那么,照耀它的必定是從心中升起的太陽。
多少笑聲都是友誼喚起的,多少眼淚都是友誼揩干的。友誼的港灣溫情脈脈,友誼的清風灌滿征帆。
友誼不是感情的投資,它不需要股息和分紅。(友誼可以換其他詞語) ●盈盈月光,我掬一杯最清的;落落余輝,我擁一縷最暖的;灼灼紅葉,我拾一片最熱的;萋萋芳草,我摘一束最燦的;漫漫人生,我要采擷世間最重的———毅力。
●如果說生命是一座莊嚴的城堡,如果說生命是一株蒼茂的大樹,如果說生命是一只飛翔的海鳥。那么,信念就是那穹頂?shù)牧褐褪悄巧钤臉涓?,就是那扇動的翅膀?/p>
沒有信念,生命的動力便蕩然無存;沒有信念,生命的美麗便杳然西去。(劃線處可以換其他詞語) ●毅力,是千里大堤一沙一石的凝聚,一點點地累積,才有前不見頭后不見尾的壯麗;毅力,是春蠶吐絲一縷一縷的環(huán)繞,一絲絲地堅持,才有破繭而出重見光明的輝煌;毅力,是遠航的船的帆,有了帆,船才可以到達成功的彼岸。
●愛心是一片照射在冬日的陽光,使貧病交迫的人感到人間的溫暖;愛心是一泓出現(xiàn)在沙漠里的泉水,使瀕臨絕境的人重新看到生活的希望;愛心是一首飄蕩在夜空的歌謠,使孤苦無依的人獲得心靈的慰藉。 ●心的本色該是如此。
成,如朗月照花,深潭微瀾,不論順逆,不論成敗的超然,是揚鞭策馬,登高臨遠的驛站;敗,仍滴水穿石,匯流入海,有窮且益堅,不墜青云的傲岸,有“將相本無主,男兒當自強”的倔強。榮,江山依舊,風采猶然,恰滄海巫山,熟視歲月如流,浮華萬千,不屑過眼煙云;辱,胯下韓信,雪底蒼松,宛若羽化之仙,知退一步,海闊天空,不肯因噎廢食。
●快樂=物質/欲望。這是美國經(jīng)濟學家薩繆爾森提出的快樂方程式。
從經(jīng)濟學的觀點看,物質消費越大,欲望越小,快樂就越大,正應了中國人的一句古話“知足常樂”。反之,如果一個人的物質消費有限,而欲望無窮大,將會怎樣呢?路瓦栽夫人有那么多“夢想”,又有那么多“陶醉”,她怎么能不痛苦、傷心呢? ●俄國作家契訶夫說:“有大狗,有小狗,小狗不該因為大狗的存在而心慌意亂。
所有的狗都應該叫,就讓他各自用上帝給他的聲音。 ●成熟是一種明亮而不刺眼的光輝,一種圓潤而不膩耳的音響,一種不需要對別人察顏觀色的從容,一種終于停止了向周圍申訴求告的大氣,一種不理會哄鬧的微笑,一種洗刷了偏激的淡漠,一種無須聲張的厚實, 一種并不陡峭的高度。
●愛,有的時候不需要山盟海誓的承諾,但她一定需要細致入微的關懷與問候;愛,有的時候不需要梁祝化蝶的悲壯,但她一定需要心有靈犀的默契與投合;愛,有的時候不需要雄飛雌從的追隨,但她一定需要相濡以沫的支持與理解。 ●微笑著,去唱生活的歌謠,不要埋怨生活給予了太多的磨難,不必抱怨生命中有太多的曲折。
大海如果失去了巨浪的翻滾,就會失去雄渾;沙漠如果失去了飛沙的狂舞,就會失去壯觀。人生如果僅去求得兩點一線的一帆風順,生命也就失去了存在的意義。
●即使青春是一枝嬌艷的花,但我明白,一枝獨放永遠不是春天,春天該是萬紫千紅的世界。 即使青春是一株大地偉岸的樹,但我明白,一株獨秀永遠不是挺拔,成行成排的林木,才是遮風擋沙的綠色長城。
即使青春是一葉大海孤高的帆,但我明白,一葉孤帆很難遠航,千帆競發(fā)才是大海的壯觀。 ●生命不是一篇"文摘",不接受平淡,只收藏精彩。
她是一個完整的過程,是一個"連載",無論成功還是失敗,她都不會在你背后留有空白;生命也不是一次彩排,走得不好還可以從頭再來,她絕不給你第二次機會,走過去就無法回頭。 ●試試看——不是像企鵝那樣靜靜的站在海邊,翹首企盼機會的來臨,而是如蒼鷹一般不停的翻飛盤旋,執(zhí)著的尋求。
試試看——不是面對峰回路轉、雜草叢生的前途枉自嗟嘆,而是披荊斬棘,舉步探索。 試試看——不是拘泥于命運的禁錮,聽憑命運的擺布,而是奮力敲擊其神秘的門扉。
1、表示原因的托福作文萬能句子1)There are three reasons for this.2)The reasons for this are as follows.3)The reason for this is obvious.4)The reason for this is not far to seek.5)The reason for this is that。
例如: There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life.Firstly,peoples living standard has been greatly improved.Secondly,most people are well paid,and they can afford what they need or like.Last but not least,more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life.2、表示好處的托福作文萬能句子1)It has the following advantages.seadragonedu.com2)It does us a lot of good.3)It benefits us quite a lot.4)It is beneficial to us.5)It is of great benefit to us.例如: Books are like friends.They can help us know the world better,and they can open our minds and widen our horizons.Therefore,reading extensively is of great benefit to us.3、表示壞處的托福作文萬能句子1)It has more disadvantages than advantages.2)It does us much harm.3)It is harmfulto us.例如:However,everything dividesinto two.Television can also4、表示重要、必要、困難、方便、可能的托福作文萬能句子1)It is important(necessary,difficult,convenient,possible)for sb.to do sth.2)We think it necessary to do sth.3)It plays an important role in our life.例如: Computers are now being used everywhere,whether in the government,in schools or in business.Soon,computers will be found in every home,too.We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age.5、表示措施的托福作文萬能句子1)We should take some effective measures.2)We should try our best to overcome(conquer)the difficulties.3)We should do our utmost in doing sth.4)We should solve the problems that we are confronted(faced)with.例如:The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious.Therefore,we must take some effective measures to solve it.。
1.場景或背景信息即題目中出現(xiàn)的phenomenon大作文要求字數(shù)至少達到250字,在寫作中考慮到字數(shù)的合理安排,第一段最好寫3-5句話,大約40字左右,并且切忌在第一段就掏心掏肺把什么話都說完。
因此大作文開首方式通常有以下幾種情況:? 題目中包含了背景信息(phenomenon),有時也出現(xiàn)一些人的觀點,并且題目中字數(shù)較多。這種情況下最保險的辦法是重寫(paraphrase)題目中的背景信息和提出另一些人觀點:? 主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)? 主謂賓主系表? 某些近義詞互換Example:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?People today spend too much time on personal enjoyment doing things that they like to do rather than doing things they should do.Use specific details and example to support your answer.? In contemporary society, whether people nowadays immerse too much of themselves in personal enjoyment has become a heated discussion. Numerous supporters of the viewpoint claim that an increasing amount of time has been put into self entertainment while others assert that most of the citizens prefer doing things that they should do. 其后再加考生自己的觀點即可。
音符動態(tài)簡約分割線2.題目中包含了背景信息,有時出現(xiàn)觀點但題目中字數(shù)較少若直接重新表達,字數(shù)湊不到40字左右。這種情況下我們有2種開首方式來保證字數(shù)。
? 就地點細節(jié)化來說明題目中的背景信息。? 追溯歷史,過去與現(xiàn)在形成對比。
Example:? 1. 就地點細節(jié)化來說明題目中的背景信息。Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?It is more important for students to understand ideas and concepts than it is for them to learn facts.Use specific details and example to support your answer.? It is a truth universally acknowledge that school is a place where students equip themselves with all sorts of skills before they step into the society. What they should focus on learning has always been a controversial point. Some hold the opinion that。
while in my personal perspective,其后加入考生個人觀點即可。? 2. 追溯歷史,過去與現(xiàn)在形成對比。
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Playing computer games is a waste of time. Children should not be allowed to play them.Use specific details and example to support your answer.? From the beginning of 19th century, technology in the world has been developing rapidly, which enables computers players to have easier access to all sorts of digital games. In the last decades, a special phenomenon has been revealed that the proportion of children playing computer games is surging. 其后加入考生個人觀點即可。音符動態(tài)簡約分割線3.題目中僅出現(xiàn)部分人的觀點沒有背景信息這種情況下,我們可以根據(jù)這部分人的觀點所涉及的信息在開首段附加對背景信息的描述。
Example:The best way to solve the world's environmental problem is to increase the price of fuel. Do you agree or disagree?? In the process of industrialization and urbanization, the scope of environmental problem facing the world is getting immense. From Mexico City and New York to Singapore and China new solutions to this problem are being proposed, tried and implemented. Some people believe increasing the price of fuel is the best approach to this problem. 其后加入考生個人觀點即可。
第一,托福獨立寫作開頭段—開門見山式
具體結構:概括背景 + 引出話題 + 一類人觀點 + 另一類人觀點對比 + 個人觀點
1、概括背景:以概括題目的方式給出文章的寫作背景
2、引出話題:以承上啟下的方式引出題目關鍵詞
3、一類人觀點:針對題目的兩個面(比如說:立場A和立場B),先給出一類人的觀點(比如說:立場A)
4、另一類人觀點對比:站在一類人的對立面給出相對立的觀點(立場B)
5、個人觀點:在相對立的兩個立場中選擇一個作為自己的觀點(立場A / 立場B)
第二,托福獨立寫作開頭段—娓娓道來式
具體結構:概括背景 + 引出話題 + 一類人觀點 + 另一類人觀點對比 + 爭議句
1、概括背景:以概括題目的方式提出文章的寫作背景
2、引出話題:以承上啟下的方式引出題目關鍵詞
3、一類人觀點:針對題目的兩個面(比如說:立場A和立場B),先給出一類人的觀點(比如說:立場A)
4、另一類人觀點對比:站在一類人的對立面給出相對立的觀點(立場B)
5、爭議句:給出一個爭議的句子,不直接表明個人觀點,將之留在“論證段”或“結尾段”進行闡述或總結
In the first place,
In the second place,
Last but not least,
Finally,
In conclusion,
這些都可以啊。
美國人忌諱模板,因為模板可以用在任何一篇文章上,而想要杜絕這種問題,你就要根據(jù)每道題目寫出獨特的句型來,并且要避免說空話,要有內(nèi)容,不能給人湊字數(shù)的感覺。如果你的作文中能不用take put make這些字的話,你的文章應該就已經(jīng)寫的很好了,沒有必要背模板。
如果你的作文能力不行,那就背模板吧,因為你不背還不如背分高。
新托??荚?,即基于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的托??荚噺?005年1月23號落地大陸,獨立寫作一直都沒有要求寫標題,所以不用擔心標題的問題。
關于開頭,有兩個問題需要注意:速度??荚囀堑淖魑牟煌谄綍r自由寫作,時間至關重要,而且開頭在重要性方面比起中間段落要弱不少(僅限在考試情境下哦,考試情況下時間緊迫,考生不太可能在那么短的時間里寫出驚天地泣鬼神的開頭。
同時,考官也有這樣的預期,會把重心放在看主體段落上面),所以一定要快。托福獨立寫作開頭建議使用時間不超過3分鐘。
結構。如果想快速完成開頭,除了平時多加練習之外,學會分解任務至關重要。
把開頭當做一個大任務,那么分解為三個小任務,每個任務完成了,開頭就寫完了。建議開頭三個任務:a. 背景:題目所要討論的核心話題是什么?它的重要性是什么?有了他,人們,社會,世界會怎么樣?沒了呢,又會怎么樣?說白了,就是一定意義的“忽悠”。
不過請注意,如果實在覺得寫不出來,那就可以不寫,這個部分是可以選擇寫或者不寫。b. 引出題干:在背景結束之后,開始將題干引出來。
引出的方法有三個:1)反方觀點:自己的態(tài)度已經(jīng)確定的情況下,用反方的立場,把話題引出,伺機反駁,為后面引出自己的觀點埋下伏筆。2)雙方爭議:比較熟悉的方式九十大家知道的,Some people think A;Some people think B. I think A. 不過,建議要寫明兩方面所持觀點的理由,這樣會更有說服力。
3)拋出問題:將題干改為一般疑問句或者特殊疑問句。同樣,為了會面以回答問題的方法引出個人觀點做好準備。
c. 個人觀點:個人觀點的表述很大程度上依賴題干是如何引出的:1)如果是反方觀點引出,我們當然不同意它,可以寫: I disagree. I believe…2)如果是雙方爭議,要做出選擇??梢詫懀篈s for me, I would support A / B.3)如果是拋出問題,要做出回答。
可以寫:The answer is…以下是范例:題目:Do you agree or disagree?Universities should spend more money on improving facilities or hiring good professors.完整例 1(背景+反方觀點+個人觀點)(背景)The quality of a university matters to it own development and also students' future. There are many critical factors in judging a university and among them, facilities and professors are commonly noticed. (反方觀點)Some people would say that the importance of professors outweighs that of facilities, for they are the fundamental competitiveness for any school. (個人觀點)I, however, disagree. I believe that better facilities will be more beneficial to us. 完整例 2(背景+雙方爭議+個人觀點)(背景)The quality of a university matters to it own development and also students' future. There are many critical factors in judging a university and among them, facilities and professors are commonly noticed. (雙方爭議)Nowadays, people have conflicting opinions about whether professors weigh more in the progress of a university than facility. (個人觀點)As for me, professors are more essential.完整例 3(背景+拋出問題+個人觀點)(背景)The quality of a university matters to it own development and also students' future. There are many critical factors in judging a university and among them, facilities and professors are commonly noticed. (拋出問題)Then, the question is which one affects the progress of a university more? (個人觀點)The answer is definitely the professors.。
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